Latin American Independence: A Historical Timeline

The timeline of Latin American independence starts in 1808 when Napoleon Bonaparte invades Spain and creates turmoil in the region. The Argentine War of Independence follows in 1810, followed by Venezuela’s fight for independence in 1811. In 1821, Mexico gains its independence from Spain after a decade-long struggle. Simón Bolívar plays a crucial role in liberating several countries, including Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. By the late 1820s, most of Latin America is independent from Spanish rule. This period of independence brings significant political and social changes to the region, shaping Latin America as we know it today..

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By: Nicholas Tamas-Orlandea

September 15 to October 15 is National Hispanic Heritage Month. This observance honors the work and influences of Hispanics and Latinxs in the United States. One way to learn about Hispanic/Latinx culture is by looking back at the struggles Latin American countries had to endure in fighting for their independence.

September 7, 1821, Brazil; Portugal’s parliament wanted keep Brazil as a colony but Dom Pedro I, the son of Dom John VI, resisted these efforts and declared independence near São Paulo. Pedro later became the emperor of Brazil in December of the same year.

September 15, 1821, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; A congress of Criollos in Guatemala City composed the Act of Independence of Central America to declare the region’s independence from the Spanish Empire, which came effective in September of the same year. Today, that date is recognized as Independence Day by most Central American nations.

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September 16, 1810, Mexico; The Mexican War of Independence begins with the Cry of Dolores. This occurred when Roman Catholic priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla rang his church bell to give the call to arms, which triggered the uprising against Spain.

September 18, 1810, Chile; In 1808, Napoleon’s French armies invaded Spain and Ferdinand VII, the king of Spain, was captured. Years later, Chile would begin its revolt against Spain.

To help contribute to Hispanic Heritage Month at Dominican University, please visit the Center For Cultural Liberation, the Organization of Latin American Students, and the University Ministry.

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National Hispanic Heritage Month, which takes place from September 15 to October 15, celebrates the contributions and influences of Hispanics and Latinxs in the United States. The article highlights the struggles faced by Latin American countries in their fight for independence. It mentions significant events such as Brazil’s declaration of independence in 1821, the Act of Independence of Central America in the same year, the Mexican War of Independence starting in 1810, and Chile’s revolt against Spain in 1810. The article also suggests visiting various organizations at Dominican University to contribute to Hispanic Heritage Month.

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